Immunology & HIV Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• How does long-term HIV infection affect cardiovascular health?
• What is a primary challenge in developing an HIV vaccine?
• What should the nurse instruct a patient who has tested positive for HIV antibodies?
• In which order should a nurse respond when a patient develops wheezing and dyspnea after receiving IV antibiotics?
• What should a nurse explain to a patient with acute HIV infection regarding swollen lymph nodes?
• How do macrophages contribute to the immune response?
• Which method is most effective for a nurse to monitor the risk of infection after an organ transplant?
• Which immune response is primarily targeted by HIV?
• What are HIV reservoirs?
• What is the role of the complement system in immunity?
• What would a nurse cite as a reason to discard leftover antibiotics?
• Which of the following is NOT an effect of HIV on the central nervous system?
• Which substance is elevated during a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction?
• Which type of immunity is primarily involved in recognizing and destroying cancer cells?
• Which statement indicates the patient needs further instruction about drug therapy after a kidney transplant?
• What characterizes HIV-associated lipodystrophy?
• What is one of the most effective methods in preventing many viral and bacterial infections?
• What is the primary target of HIV within the host immune system?
• Which patient should the nurse assess first?
• What clinical manifestation should a nurse assess for in a patient undergoing plasmapheresis?
• What strategy can community programs employ to reduce HIV stigma?
• What should the nurse teach a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) about plasmapheresis?
• What symptom may indicate the need for urgent assessment in an HIV patient?
• What is an important aspect of psychological support in HIV care?
• Which task is most appropriate for a registered nurse to delegate to a licensed practical/vocational nurse during an allergic reaction?
• What are antiretroviral drugs used for in HIV treatment?
• Define the term 'pathogen.'
• Opportunistic pneumonia is commonly associated with which condition?
• Why is the viral set point important in HIV infection?
• How does the immune system distinguish between self and non-self particles?
• What is the primary function of the thymus in the immune system?
• Which exposure is most likely to require postexposure prophylaxis if the patient's HIV status is unknown?
• Which components make up the basic structure of HIV?
• What result should be reported to the transplant surgeon for a patient awaiting a kidney transplant?
• What is the significance of routine HIV screening?
• Which recommendation would the nurse provide regarding the handling of unused antibiotics?
• What does ART stand for in the context of HIV management?
• HIV is classified as which type of virus?
• In general terms, what is the purpose of a vaccine?
• Which treatment strategy is used alongside ART to reduce HIV transmission risk?
• What is the primary focus in reducing HIV transmission among adolescents and young adults?
• What is the most critical care consideration for a patient missing doses of zidovudine (AZT)?
• What does the RNA viral load test measure in HIV patients?
• What role do health care providers play in HIV management?
• Which type of infection can lead to the development of AIDS?
• What nursing intervention is a priority for a patient with a CD4+ count of 800/µL?
• What lifestyle modifications should be encouraged for patients with HIV to maintain health?
• What primary function do antiretroviral medications provide for HIV patients?
• Following a stem cell transplant, what symptom may signal graft-versus-host disease?
• What symptom might indicate an HIV-related opportunistic infection?
• What action can a registered nurse delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) for a patient with tuberculosis?
• Which additional personal protective equipment should a nurse wear when assessing a patient on contact precautions for Clostridium difficile?
• What is the function of CD25 in T cells?
• Under what conditions should antiretroviral therapy (ART) be initiated in HIV patients?
• Which condition must a nurse be particularly vigilant about due to immunosuppressive therapy in kidney transplant patients?
• Which patient would be the most appropriate roommate for a patient with acute rejection of an organ transplant?
• What role do CD8+ T cells play in HIV infection?
• What is the primary function of immune tolerance in individuals infected with HIV?
• When a patient with a positive HIV rapid test appears anxious and distracted, what should the nurse prioritize?
• What does the term 'viral load' refer to in HIV?
• Why is follow-up care critical in the management of HIV?
• For a patient with HIV infection who has developed Mycobacterium avium complex infection, what outcome should be prioritized?
• What medication is commonly used to treat candidiasis in HIV patients?
• What information should be included in teaching for older adults newly diagnosed with asymptomatic chronic HIV?
• What does the term 'viral reservoir' refer to in the context of HIV?
• What is the importance of maintaining a consistent medication schedule for HIV patients?
• What is the role of cytokines in the immune response?
• To provide immediate protection from hepatitis B infection, what medication should the nurse administer to a patient who shared needles?
• Why is psychological support important for people living with HIV?
• What is a common side effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) that nurses should monitor for in HIV patients?
• What factors contribute to barriers in HIV treatment?
• What are some potential complications that may arise due to HIV infection?
• What does the term "viremia" refer to?
• Which screening should be included in the teaching plan for a patient with a T lymphocyte immune deficiency?
• What is a significant oral manifestation associated with HIV?
• Which of the following treatments is often used in conjunction with HAART?
• Which of the following is a common side effect of antiretroviral therapy?
• How do co-receptors contribute to the process of HIV infection?
• What is the primary function of an antigen?
• After being stung by a wasp, what is the nurse's priority action for a patient who is anxious and has difficulty breathing?
• Which of the following statements about clean needle exchanges is true?
• Which physiological change occurs during an acute allergic reaction?
• What action should the nurse take first for a patient who developed itching and swelling after allergen testing?
• What impact can stigma surrounding HIV have on individuals?
• Which of the following is NOT a method of HIV transmission?
• What does HIV stigma refer to?
• How does HIV primarily enter the human body?
• What is a significant lab finding to monitor in a patient receiving immunosuppressive therapy?
• What is the most important information to provide to a pregnant woman with HIV regarding her newborn's infection risk?
• What immediate action should the nurse take after a patient develops itching, weakness, and dizziness following an intracutaneous allergen injection?
• If a patient with AIDS expresses obsessive thoughts about dying, what should the nurse's response focus on first?
• What is the significance of latent HIV reservoirs in the body?
• What is the primary role of B cells in the immune response?
• Which cells does HIV primarily infect?
• What is one barrier to effective HIV treatment and care?
• Which immune cells are primarily responsible for producing antibodies?
• Which patient should the nurse assess first in an HIV clinic?
• How do HIV vaccines primarily differ from traditional vaccines?
• What should be included in a community teaching plan to decrease the risk of antibiotic-resistant infections?
• What does HAART therapy aim to achieve in HIV treatment?
• How does T cell activation occur?
• What is a key side effect patients should be informed about when starting efavirenz (Sustiva)?
• How is the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) primarily evaluated?
• What does the presence of antibodies against HIV indicate?
• Which of the following statements regarding antibiotics and viral infections is accurate?
• What type of immune cells do macrophages interact with to activate the adaptive immune response?
• What personal protective equipment is essential for a nurse when assessing a patient under contact precautions for diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile?
• What is the primary function of integrase inhibitors in HIV treatment?
• Why are gloves and gowns necessary for a nurse when working with a patient on contact precautions?
• When is it particularly important to practice hand washing?
• What should the nurse convey to an older adult who declines cancer screening tests?
• What are the potential long-term consequences of untreated HIV infection?
• What practice is crucial in decreasing transmission of infections, according to healthcare recommendations?
• What factor is most important for determining the need for HIV testing in a patient?
• What intervention should the nurse prepare for a patient experiencing acute rejection of a kidney transplant?
• How often should viral load testing be conducted for HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy?
• What is the significance of the ELISA test in HIV diagnosis?
• Which public health strategy is NOT commonly associated with preventing HIV transmission?
• What might contribute to a patient's non-adherence to ART?
• What role do memory cells play in the immune response?
• Which laboratory test is used to assess the immune function of HIV patients?
• What is the role of plasma cells in the immune system?
• What assessment is critical for the nurse to perform to evaluate a patient's response to therapies for angioedema?
• What is the first intervention for managing metabolic disorders in HIV patients?
• How does HIV impact dental health?
• What are the recommendations for HIV testing among high-risk populations?
• After an allergen injection, which assessment finding is most urgent for the nurse to communicate to the health care provider?
• Which immune cells are primarily responsible for the cytotoxic response against infected cells?
• What characterizes 'elite controllers' in HIV?
• What do standard treatment guidelines recommend for newly diagnosed HIV patients?
• What does the term 'seroconversion' refer to in HIV infection?
• When discussing efavirenz (Sustiva) with a patient, which instruction is most critical?
• What is the role of the spleen in the immune system?
• Which patient would most likely benefit from antiretroviral therapy (ART)?
• What is the primary purpose of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV?
• What should a nurse instruct a patient regarding intradermal skin testing for allergies?
• What is a common method by which HIV is transmitted?
• What are the typical symptoms of acute HIV infection?
• What role does lysozyme play in immune function?
• Which of the following are main components of the immune system?
• What is the primary role of the spleen in the immune system?
• Which vaccines should be included in the care plan for a patient with asymptomatic chronic HIV infection?
• What is a common opportunistic infection in HIV patients?
• What is the mechanism of action of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)?
• What action should be taken first when a patient with HIV exhibits vague symptoms and a positive EIA test?
• Which medication should be administered at the correct time to avoid drug resistance in HIV therapy?
• Which of these statements about viral load is accurate?
• How does pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) function?
• What is an important factor affecting the success of antiretroviral therapy?
• Which of the following best describes Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia?
• Which of the following is a common opportunistic infection associated with AIDS?
• What is the primary function of CD4 T cells in the immune system?
• How should a nurse respond to a patient with a history of allergic rhinitis and multiple food allergies regarding latex allergies?
• Which receptors are essential for HIV entry into host cells?
• Which of the following tests is typically used for initial HIV screenings?
• What does the term 'immune tolerance' refer to in the context of HIV?
• Based on diagnostic criteria, what is true for a patient with HIV antibodies and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia?
• When assessing a patient for allergic reactions, which symptom is most indicative of angioedema?
• In what year was HIV first identified?
• What action should a patient take when prescribed antibiotics?
• What neurological condition can occur as a result of HIV infection?
• What would you advise a community member regarding the duration of antibiotic treatment?
• Define opportunistic infections in the context of HIV.
• What does 'immune memory' allow the adaptive immune system to do?
• What is the first step in the process of HIV replication within a host cell?
• Which nursing action is most effective in helping a college student adhere to an ART regimen?
• What action should a nurse take for a patient who missed an appointment for weekly immunotherapy?
• How can community programs aid in HIV prevention?
• In what situations might antibiotics be prescribed to prevent infection?
• What characterizes a chronic HIV infection?
• What factor regarding a patient’s health history is most important when teaching about cyclosporine following a kidney transplant?
• What is the likely cause of a skin rash developing 10 days after a bone marrow transplant?
• What is the primary effect of aging on the immune system?
• Which patient demographic has the highest risk of developing HIV over time?
• What type of cells do HIV primarily infect?
• What is the function of HIV enzymes such as reverse transcriptase?
• What role do natural killer (NK) cells play in the immune response?
• Which cells are considered the main targets for HIV infection?
• Before initiating ART, which factor should a nurse assess in an HIV-infected patient with a CD4+ cell count of 400/µL?
• What role does routine testing play in HIV prevention?
• What is the role of dendritic cells in the immune system?
• Which of the following factors can influence the progression of HIV to AIDS?
• How does HIV evade the immune system?
• In evaluating a patient for potential atopic dermatitis, which laboratory value is expected to be elevated?
• What is the primary goal of the needle-exchange program?
• Which statement about the effectiveness of antibiotics is false?
• Which of the following correctly defines an antibody?
• What is the main mode of transmission for HIV?
• Which factor is least likely to influence a patient's HIV treatment adherence?
• What does highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) involve?
• What is the role of interferons in the immune response?
• What is the appropriate action by the nurse if a patient undergoing immunotherapy shows a large local reaction at the injection site?
• What is the significance of the CD4 count in HIV patients?
• How does antiretroviral therapy (ART) contribute to the prevention of HIV transmission?
• What qualifies as an AIDS-defining illness?
• What is a characteristic feature of monoclonal antibodies in HIV treatment?
• What is an example of passive immunity that a nurse can explain to a new mother concerned about allergies?
• How does HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder typically manifest?