Which patient should the nurse assess first in an HIV clinic?

The patient who has had 10 liquid stools in the last 24 hours should be prioritized for assessment due to the potential for severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. This situation can be particularly acute for individuals with HIV, as they may have compromised immune systems. Diarrhea can lead to significant fluid loss and if not addressed promptly, it could quickly escalate into a critical condition.

In contrast, while a CD4+ count of 250/µL indicates immunosuppression and requires monitoring, it does not necessarily signify immediate danger compared to the acute need for assessment related to excessive diarrhea. The patient with a positive rapid HIV-antibody test is still in the initial stages of care and will require follow-up but is not in immediate physical distress. The patient experiencing nausea from antiretroviral drugs does need attention, but this condition, while uncomfortable, typically does not pose the same immediate risk to life or health as the potential consequences of severe diarrhea can. Prioritizing care in the clinic setting requires assessing patients at greater risk of rapid deterioration, making the patient with liquid stools the most critical to evaluate first.