What is a common side effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) that nurses should monitor for in HIV patients?

Increased blood glucose levels is a common side effect that nurses should monitor for in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Certain antiretroviral medications, particularly those in the class of protease inhibitors, have been associated with insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, which can lead to the development of diabetes mellitus in susceptible individuals. Nurses play a critical role in monitoring blood glucose levels to identify any potential metabolic side effects early on, allowing for timely interventions to manage and mitigate these effects.

Monitoring for increased blood glucose is particularly important as it can contribute to long-term complications in patients living with HIV, especially as they age. Interventions may involve dietary modifications, adjustments in antiretroviral prescriptions, or the introduction of medications to manage glucose levels if necessary. Keeping a close watch on these physiological changes ensures comprehensive care for patients undergoing ART.

While other side effects, such as decreased appetite, frequent headaches, and skin rashes, may also occur with ART, increased blood glucose levels are a notably significant concern that has long-term implications for the overall health of the patient.